Transcript of Indian Polity [Series] - Lecture 64 | Powers & Functions of Vice-President.

[Music] dear students subscribers and the viewers welcome to the IAS Mentor this would be our lecture number 64 in the series Indian polity so we have come a substantial uh distance since we have started this particular series we have covered number of important topics off late we have been looking into the topic of the Union executive and to be very specific in the union executive we are looking into the topic of the president and we have seen number of constitutional Provisions with regard to the president you have seen whether the president is a real executive or a nominal executive and then we also seen the various powers and functions of the president including his executive powers his legislative powers which includes uh the ordinance making power which includes his power to summon progue dissol the houses his power to pardon the punishment which is also his judicial powers and then we also understood his emergency Powers so basically the president can exercise three types of emergency Powers the National Emergency the state emergency or the president rle and the financial emergency and most importantly we also understood the consequences in case of these emergencies whenever these emergency powers are exercised what are the consequences that may arise as per the provisions of the Constitution wherein we have seen that how the federal political system becomes more or less unitary in character so and apart from this the president is also said that he exercises military powers and also diplomatic Powers so basically these are all very uh marginal or I would say very nominal in character where the president is also considered to be the head of the Armed Forces but again it is only for the name sake the real power is rested in the hands of the Council of ministers and similar whatever treaty that India enters into whatever uh decisions that we take with regard to relationship with a foreign country uh when we invite certain foreign dignitaries when we depute Indian dignitaries to foreign countries it is all done in the name of the President of India so therefore it is also said that he exercises certain diplomatic Powers but these are not very detailed things to see which is not very relevant for the purpose of examination so this much of understanding is sufficient now we are moving to the next important Powers but not with regard to the president but with regard to the vice president so now we are moving to the next part of the executive Union executive that is the vice president because already we have understood that the union Executives comprise of the president the vice president the Prime Minister and the Council of ministers so now let us try to understand about the vice president what are the Constitutional Provisions related to the Vice President of India what are the various powers and function that he supposed to exercise how is the Indian vice president different from the vice president of United States of America because in both the Constitution there is provision for vice president but however later we'll understand that the Vice President in India is more a nominal executive whereas there the vice president is more a real executive so we'll try to understand all those things as we'll proceed further all right so with that let us try to First understand some of the basic constitutional Provisions when it comes to the vice president of India so then we'll try to understand one by one so the first thing that we want to discuss is what are the qualifications uh for one to get elected as a vice president of India because we know that under the Constitution that both the president and the vice president are elected although they are elected indirectly not by direct election so what is common between both the president and the vice president they are all elected by an indirect election so the moment I say that they are elected by an indirect election that there is something which is called as an electoral college that means they're not elected by all the people but they are elected by an electoral college so Electoral College always mean that there are certain categories of people who will be eligible to vote in these elections so the president has a different Electoral College the vice president has got a different Electoral College as we'll proceed we'll try to understand as to who constitutes the Electoral College so what are the before that what are the qualifications for someone to get elected as a vice president of India first he should be a citizen of of India that is very very important whether he is a natural citizen or a natural born citizen that does not matter but should be a citizen of India and should have completed 35 years of age that is minimum he has completed 35 years of age in addition to that the constitution says that he should be qualified for election to a member of rajas saaba so what are the qualifications for someone to get elected as a member of rajas SAA so that also is mentioned in the Constitution so for someone to get elected as as a member of rajas SAA so they should have completed they should have attained 30 years of age but that is Again overruled by 35 years of age and then there should be a citizen that is also given already and apart from that there should be an elector from any constituency in India so elector from any constituents in India be it in any state or be it in uh any Union territory so in every state there is a constituency there are number of constituencies so from anywhere in India so for that particular matter today we have got 543 constituencies for the Lo saah elections so one of the qualification for someone to contest election to the Vice President of India as per the Constitution is that they should be a citizen of India so they should have completed 35 years of age in addition to that there should be an elector from any constituency in India so that is again very important so that is one of the qualification for someone to contest election to rajas saas which is also to be satisfied for someone to contest election to the vice president so in addition to all those things he or she should be an elector from any constituents in India which is a requirement to contest election to rajas SAA which is in turn a requirement to contest election to the Vice President of India so he or she should be an elector from any constituents in India or to put it in a very simple way he or she should be an eligible voter he or she should possess a voter ID so then they are also eligible to contest the election to the vice president and apart from that the Constitution also says any other qualifications as may be determined by law for being a member to contest election to rajas SAA which is inter a qualification to become elected to the office of the Vice President of India so apart from all those things if there's a law the law can also determine certain qualification say for example the representation of people act determine certain qualification one example is the representation of people act says that to be a qualified voter they should not be convicted in a court of law if they are convicted in a court of law they are not eligible to be a voter so therefore they have to satisfy all these things also so therefore all these qualification should also be satisfied to contest election to the vice president apart from all these things to contest election to the office of the vice president they should also not hold on to any office of profit this is again very very important so what does it mean when I say that they should not hold on to any office of profit which is again very important that Waters of office of profit is not defined in the Constitution that itself is a very separate question that has been asked in upsc so what is office of profit is nowhere defined in the Constitution but however what do you understand when I say office of profit as per the Supreme Court intervention any office either under the center state or any of the local government by a way of which a profit is receivable even if a profit is receivable The Profit can be salary The Profit can be any of the other benefits by holding on to those office it is not necessary that somebody is taking the profit but even if the profit is receivable even if the individual is not taking the profit but if the office provides for the profit that itself is sufficient enough to consider that particular office to be an office of profit so hence for a person to contest election to the office of the vice president what are the qualifications one has to possess one has to possess the following qualifications for an elaborate discussion on what is office of profit refer to my topic on the president where I taken an elaborate discussion for 15 to 20 minutes in explaining as to what is an office of profit but I have given the Crux of what is of office of profit even in this particular lecture so for someone to contest election to the office of the vice president they have to possess the following qualifications what are the qualifications they have to possess so first is that they should be a citizen of India second they should have completed 35 years of age three they should be qualified to contest election to rajas SAA which means for which they they have to be a citizen of India completed 35 years of age but that is overruled by this 35 years of age in addition to that there should be a qualified voter from any constituents in India so that means in any of the 543 constituencies they should be registered as a voter and apart from that any other qualification that may be prescribed by law so all these conditions has to be satisfied in addition to that they should also not hold any office of profit so anybody satisfying all these qualifications then they can contest election to the office of the vice president if they're not satisfying any of these qualifications the law and the Constitution does not allow them to contest election to the office of the vice president but however the term office of profit I said that any office either under the center State or the local government by of which the profit is receivable they would be considered to be an office of profit but however there are certain exceptions to this office of profit that means certain office is not falling under the definition of office of profit so people who are occupying those office they can hold on to that office till they can contest election of the vice president that is not considered to be an office of profit apart from these offices if anybody is in the government job can they contest election to the Office of the President no or Office of the vice president no because then that would be considered to be an office of profit but there are certain exceptions to what would be considered to be an office of profit what are the exceptions the Office of the President president the office of the vice president the office of Governors in any state and the office of the ministers either under the central government or under the state government it does not matter any of these ministers all these people can contest election to the office of the vice president it does not matter it does not matter whether they are in the office or not they can be a vice president that means a sitting vice president without resigning from his office can contest election to the office of the vice president a sitting president can contest election to the office of the vice president whether he does it or not that's a different thing but the Constitution allows it a sitting governor of any of the state without resigning from the office can contest election to the office of the vice president a sitting Minister be it a central minister or a state Minister can contest election to the office of the vice president because these office would not be considered to be an office of profit because these exceptions are given in the Constitution itself apart from this the other officers is not allowed because they would be considered to be an officer of profit because these exceptions are given in the Constitution itself apart from that this is not mentioned in the Constitution but there is the president vice president election act 1952 that says that anyone who wanted to contest election to the office of the vice president his name has to be proposed by 20 members from the Electoral College as proposers and 20 members as seconders proposers are those people who put forward the name seconders are those people who support the proposals so that's basically you'll have to understand so this is not mentioned in the Constitution but you can remember this is a requirement as per the election vice president act 1952 which says that suppose if somebody wanted to contest election to the office of the president who will satisfy all these conditions once they satisfy all these conditions apart from that the name of those individuals has to be proposed by 20 members from the Electoral College not ordin citizens 20 members from the Electoral College so Electoral College means only these are the people who are eligible to vote in the vice president election so we'll try to understand as to who will be part of the Electoral College so out of the uh Electoral College 20 members have to be proposers and then another 20 members has to be what is called as senders okay so these condition should also be satisfied so once they satisfy all these conditions then then the person is eligible to to contest elections that's basically what is called as qualification so qualification itself is a very important topic so what are the qualifications one should be citizen of India completed 35 years of age should be an elector from any constituency in India and then any other criteria which is put forward by the law made by the Parliament and apart from that should not hold an office of profit but although there are certain exceptions to as to what is office of profit and apart from that the name of the candidate has to be supported by 20 members from the Electoral colleges proposes and 20 members from the Electoral colleges seconders but however this is not mentioned in the Constitution this is as for the election of president or the president vice president election act all right so these are the things that probably you may have to keep in your mind but remember what is given in the Constitution what is not given in the Constitution okay so this you can keep it in your mind so with that we'll move forward we'll try to understand as to what are the conditions of the office of the vice president so before I move forward just think about this what is the difference between the conditions of office of President and the qualification to conduct election to the office of the vice president so the basic difference between qualifications and the conditions of office so what is the basic difference between them the basic difference between qualifications and conditions qualifications is prior to contesting the election so if anybody wanted to contest election to the office of the VI president they have to satisfy certain conditions that's basically what is called as qualifications and what is conditions so conditions to the office of the vice president means after a person get elected as a vice president he has to satisfy certain conditions to be in that office and that's basically what is called as conditions to the office of the vice president there's a difference between qualifications conditions do not get confused a similar thing is also there for the president which you already discussed so similarly once somebody get elected to to the office of the vice president after he satisfies all the qualifications he contest election he wins the election he becomes a vice president to continue in the office of the vice president he has to satisfy these conditions so what are the conditions one he should not be a member of either houses of the parliament that means the Constitution does not bar A Member of Parliament or a member of State Legislature from contesting the election they can contest election but the moment they win the election of Vice President then they cannot continue to be a member of parliament or a member of State Legislature that means the moment you are elected as a vice president then you can only act as a vice president and then you cannot continue to be a member of parliament or a member of State Legislature although you can contest the election to the office of the vice president as a member of parliament or a member of State Legislature the moment you win then you you are Member of Parliament or member of State Legislature automatically cease to exist that's a condition and apart from that the Vice President should not hold on to any office of profit so office of profit is a condition for both the things to contest election also you should not hold on to any office of profit and the moment you become vice president of India and apart from vice president of India you should not occupy any of the other office so that is what basically you have to understand you cannot occupy any of the other office of profit apart from the office of the vice president don't confuse that he is also the chairman of rajas SAA he is a chairman of rajas SAA but he's an ex official chairman of rajas SAA ex official chairman of rajas SAA means that is not a a separate post by virtue of being vice president he occupies Office of the chairman rajas SAA so that cannot be considered to be an office of profit it is a vice president whose normal function is to act as an ex official chairman of rajas saaba but apart from that he cannot hold any of the other office of profit so these two conditions are very very important so now we have understood the qualifications of the office of the vice president and then the conditions of the office of the vice president so we'll move forward let us try to understand the other constitutional Dimensions so first we'll try to understand the different constitutional dimensions are the Constitutional Provisions about the Vice President of India then we'll move forward in understanding the functions that the vice president is supposed to perform under the Constitution what are the other constitutional Dimension is how the vice president is elected as I already said the Vice President in India is elected by an indirect election so whenever I talk about indirect election that means you'll have to keep it in your mind indirect election means that the vice president is Not Elected by the people directly unlike the election to Lo SAA or the legislative assemblies it's a direct election so every adult individual will have the right to vote that's a direct election indirect election is always only a group of people a selected number of people will have the right to vote that's basically what is called as an indirect election so that means wherever there's an indirect election there's an electoral college so who is part of the Electoral College of the vice president for the vice president the Electoral colleges the members of both the houses of Parliament that is the members of loks SAA as well as the members of rajas saaba so whoever is part of the members of loks SAA and rajas SAA they have the right to vote now here one thing that you have to notice here there is no distinction of whether is's an elected member or a nominated member unlike in case of the Electoral College of the president you will see the Electoral College of the president only the elected members of the parliament are part of it whereas here in case of the vice president both elected as well as the nominated members that's very very important do not make a mistake here elected plus nominated members so both elected as well as the nominated members of the parliament are part of the Electoral College so both can vote in the election so that is basically what you have to understand so the Electoral College because it is having only the members of the parliament the consent assembly did not make any distinction as to what is elected and nomin ated members so both will have the right to vote that means all the 543 members of the Lo SAA 245 members of the rajas saaba both elected and nominated will be part of the Electoral College what is the principle of election the principle of election is based on proportional representation by means of single transferable vote and the Voting is by secret ballot whatever you have seen in case of the president it is the same thing so you can go to the topic of the president where you'll try to understand proportional representation by means of of single transfer vot and the Voting is by secret ballot but UPS is not going to ask any question from the understanding of the principle but you just remember the principle but if you want to know the principle you can go to My President topic where I have clearly explained as to what is the concept of single transfer vote and the Voting is by what is called as uh secret ballot and what is called as proportional representation so the same principle is followed in this particular case as well the moment the vice president is elected and if there is any dispute with regard to the election of the vice president is there any way that the election of the vice president can be challenged yes the one Forum where the election of the vice president can be challenged is the Supreme Court of India it is the Supreme Court of India where it can be disputed and the Supreme Court of India can declare the election of Vice President as unconstitutional if it feels that the election is not carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution but however the Supreme Court has made it very clear that the election of the vice president cannot be challenged on the ground that there is vacancy in the Electoral College that means some of the members of the parliament is not there if there is a vacan in the Electoral College but still the election is conducted by the election commission of India that's a valid election but there can be other grounds on which it can be challenged but not on the grounds as to there is vacancy in the Electoral College and suppose if the election is declared to be invalid the election of the vice president is declared to be invalid by the Supreme Court this is also very important what will happen to the prior actions that was done by the Vice President will it continue to be valid yes all those actions would be continue to be valid only his election is invalid not the action that was done by the Vice President prior to declaring the election to be invalid so this is also something that you'll have to keep in your mind so these are all few important constitutional Dimensions or Provisions that you may have to keep in your mind all right so with that we'll move to the next part we'll try to understand some other constittution tion Dimensions when it comes to the vice president so what is a term of office so normally usually the tenure of the office of the vice president is 5 years is he eligible for re-election yes he is eligible for reelection so there is no restriction with regard to re-election of the vice president and if the vice president uh wants to resign at any time he can resign so to whom he has to submit his resignation he has to submit the resignation to the president of India this we have already seen it the president will submit the resignation to the vice president and the vice president will submit the resignation to the president so this is what the Constitution says and apart from that there is also process by which the vice president can be removed from his office the word that is used in the constitution is removal in case of President the word that is used is impeachment but for the vice president the word that is used is removed can the vice president be removed from his office before the completion of his tenure of 5 years yes normally the tenure is 5 years since the day he assumes the office but if the vice president is to be removed he can be removed there's a process that is given in the Constitution and what is a process that is given in the Constitution for this a removal motion has to be introduced so a proposal has to be introduced in the parliament so where this proposal can be introduced which is relating to removing the vice president this proposal can be introduced only in the rajas SAA so this is very very important so this proposal can be introduced where it can be introduced only in the rajas SAA by any Member of Parliament in the rajas SAA they can introduce this particular proposal but before introducing this proposal a 14 days notice has to be given to the vice president informing the vice president that we are going to introduce a removal motion so once a 14 days notice is given and after the 14 days notice it is given to the vice president such a proposal can be introduced in the rajas SAA where the proposal will be discussed and then the proposal will be put to vote and this proposal will has to be passed with what is called as effective majority this is very very important what is a majority with which it has to be passed in the rajas SAA it has to be passed with what is called as effective majority and what is this effective majority I already discussed there's a separate video that I have made on different types of majorities you can watch that but for the students who are watching this particular lecture directly what is effective majority effective majority means it is the majority of the effective membership of the house and what is effective membership effective membership is total membership minus vacancies and the majority of that would be effective majority for example suppose let us assume in the rajas SAA there are only 230 members that means the total membership is 245 but let us assume there are 15 vacancies vacancies can be because of any reason I'm not talking about the absence I'm talking about vacancies vacancies maybe because of disqualification of members maybe death of some members what whatever be the reason suppose let assume there are 15 vacancies so therefore there are only 230 effective members so effective membership is total membership minus vacancy 245 minus 15 so effective membership is 230 a majority of that is 116 that would be what is called as effective majority so it has to be passed with effective majority in the rajas SAA and after pass with effective majority in the rajas SAA then the proposal will be sent to the Lo SAA in the Lo SAA it has to be passed with simple majority so this is where very important so the majority is different in both houses while in rajas SAA it is effective majority whereas in Lo SAA it is simple majority the moment it is passed with simple majority in the loks SAA the vice president stands removed so similarly the process is there for the President also so students who have watched the process of impeachment of the president so what is the majority in case of the president so put it in the comment box while the majority in case of President is little different from the majority in case of the vice president and also Al in case of President is a majority same in both the Lo SAA as well as rajas saaba so you can put that also in the comment box so try to put it in the comment box so that I also know that the students are following the lectures so this are all certain important cues that I need so that it can motivate me to make a lot of videos so I also understand that the students are following all these things all right so this is the process by which the vice president can be removed from his office and as already said is he allowed for reelection there is no restriction as to how many terms that one can become the vice president so is the case for the President also the Constitution does not restrict it apart from that there is also Provisions in the Constitution when there is a vacancy arising to the office of the vice president so whenever there's a vacancy that arises to the office of the vice president what is likely to happen and what are the grounds on which in the first place the vacancy can arise to the Office of the President so the vacancy can arise to the office of the Pres vice president on following grounds so what are the vacancy expiry of his term that means the fiveyear tenure of the vice president is going to come to an end the vacancy can arise or he resigns he submits his resignation to the president which he can do it at any point of time so therefore the vacancy can arise or by the process of removal the vice president may be removed from his office just now you have seen the process of the removal of the vice president or the vice president suddenly dies in office or otherwise except these things uh the office of the vice president can also become vacant because uh the Supreme Court can declare the election to be unconstitutional it is possible that the election is challenged and the election of the vice president is declared unconstitutional that is a possibility so these are all the grounds on which uh there can be vacancy to the office of the vice president so whenever there's a vacancy to the office of the vice president who will become the Vice President of India who will become the Vice President of India nobody will become the Vice President of India so try to understand because when they president is not there when there's an vacancy to the Office of the President the vice president act as the President of India but when there's a vacancy to the office of the vice president nobody will become the vice president because there is no need for vice president the country can still function because the Constitution says there shall always be a president but the Constitution does not say that there shall always be a vice president so when the president is not there the vice president act as a president but if the vice president is not there and there's a vacancy to the office of the vice president we have seen that as we'll proceed you'll understand that one of the important function of the vice president to act as the chairman of rajas SAA in fact he is the ex official chairman of rajas saaba so his only function as long as the president is there is to act as the ex official chairman of rajas saaba only when the president is not there by reasons of death or by vacancies he act as a vice president otherwise he normally functions as the ex official chairman of rajasa so if the vacancy arises because of the reasons of resignation removal death or otherwise to the office of the vice president who is supposed to act as the ex official chairman of rajas SAA and if the vice president is not there then the deputy chairman of rajas SAA would act as the chairman rajas SAA so this is very important so you can ask me who is this Deputy chairman the deputy chairman is a member of parliament from rajas saaba and elected from that particular house so the deputy chairman will act as the chairman of rajas saaba but the deputy chairman who is acting as chairman of rajas SAA is not the vice president no that is not the right understanding the deputy chairman of rajas SAA will act as a chairman of rajas saaba till the time the vice president is elected and once the vice president is elected then he becomes the ex official chairman of rajas SAA in the meantime the deputy chairman will act as the chairman rajas saaba so this is the basic understanding you should have I'm sure that till this point of time it is quite clear so when the vacancy arises because of the reasons of resignation death removal or otherwise who will act as a chairman rajas SAA the deputy chairman but still the office is waken the office of vice president is wak and if the vacancy arises because of the reason of expiry of term that means when the incub vice president term is going to come to an end his tenure is going to come to an end under such a circumstances the Constitution says the new vice president has to be elected even before the expiry of the term of the incub and vice president so that means if the tenure is going to come to an end no problem the new vice president will automatically assume the office on the day that the tenure of the incub vice president is getting over but there might be one problem that the new vice president is elected but the new vice president is not able to assume the office when The incent vice president term is coming to an end for the reason that the new vice president has fallen sick or he has met with an accident so he is injured he's in the hospital so for few more days he is not able to assume the office under such a circumstance is what the Constitution says the Constitution says the outgoing vice president would continue to be the vice president till the time the new vice president assumes the office so therefore the outgoing vice president would continue to be the chairman of rajas saaba so that's a basic understanding but if the vacancy arises because of all other the reasons then who will act as a chairman of rajas SAA it is the Deputy chairman of rajas SAA so this is the basic understanding you should have okay so if the vacancy arises because of resignation removal death otherwise we have seen that the chairman will act as a chairman of rajas SAA but we need to elect the president so till what point of time the new vice president has to be elected the Constitution does not give any time limit the Constitution only says as soon as possible the election commission of India has to conduct the election and elect the new vice president there's no time limit in this particular regard but what is the case in case of the president if the Office of the President becomes vacant how long the vice president can act as the President of India and within what point of time maximum time limit the president has to be elected so put it in the comment box but there is no time limit when it comes to the Vice President of India be very clear okay so if you know the answer for the president you can put it in the comment box these are all important constitutional Dimensions you'll have to keep it in your mind very very important so now we are coming to almost uh the second last topic for the lecture today what are the powers and functions of the Vice President of India so as I already said the important function of the Vice President in India is to act as the ex official chairman of rajas saaba what do you mean by ex official chairman ex official means by virtue of one's office that means by virtue of getting elected as a vice president he automatically becomes a chairman of rajas saaba so he is not elected as a chairman of rajas SAA he's elected as a vice president anyone who gets elected as a vice president automatically becomes a chairman of rajas SAA that is what ex official chairman and if the vice president is not there and there's vacancy then the deputy chairman in the Raj sa would act as a chairman of rajas SAA but as long as the president is vice president is there the vice president is the ex official chairman of rajas SAA so his foremost function is what is to act as what is called as the ex official chairman of rajas saaba this is a normal function but if there is vacancy to the Office of the President by the reasons of death resignation removal or otherwise then the vice president would act as the President of India and how long the vice president can act as a president is Maximum 6 months this this is what I have asked anyways I given the answer for 6 months maximum he can act as the President of India in the meantime within 6 months the new president has to be elected if the new president is elected then automatically the vice president again acts as the ex official chairman of rajasa but if the president is there his normal function is to act as what is called as the ex official chairman of rajas SAA nothing more than that so this is what basically you have to understand all right so these are all some important constitutional Dimensions that you'll have to keep it in your mind okay now before we complete this particular discussion let us also try to make a comparison between the Vice President of India and the vice president of United States of America in fact in both the countries when it comes to the position of Vice President there is similarities and as well as dissimilarities in both the countries what is the similarity in both the countries the vice president act as the chairman of the respective Upper House in India the vice president act as the chairman of rajas saaba in United States of America they also the vice president act as the chairman of their upper house that is the Senate so in both the houses it is the uh in both the countries almost it is the same but in India the vice president is not a real executive in fact even the president is not a real executive whereas in United States of America there the vice president is a real executive he's a deputy to the president there the president is a real executive so being his Deputy he is a real executive the vice president actively control certain portfolios he decides on those portfolios he advis the president on various matters and the most important thing is if the president dies with the remaining tenure say for example that the term of uh the president in case of United States of America is four years that is the tenure is four years and if the president dies before completing his tenure let us assume the president dies after 2 years and there are two more years till the term is there in the meantime who will become the president of United States of America is the vice president the vice president will be the president of United States of America for the next two years so This Is How They Constitution so the vice president there is a real executive but whereas in India the vice president only acts as a president he does not become the president for the remainder of the term so that is not possible so to that extent try to understand the way the Constitution has designed is the vice president is not a real executive whereas there in United States of America the vice president is a real executive because in general you see the Constitutional system in India is based on parliamentary democracy where even the president is not a real executive whereas in USA it's a presidential form of system where the president is a real executive so his Deputy the vice president is also a real executive all right so this is a basic understanding you should have so I will discuss some of the important Provisions from the examination point of view I discussed most of the important constitutional Provisions related to the Vice President of India so what are the various provisions with regard to the Vice President of India so first we have understood his qualifications in office his conditions of office and then we understood other constitutional dimensions then we have understood vacancies in case of the office of Vice President then we have understood his powers and functions we also understood the comparison between the Vice President of India and the vice president of United States of America and of course the most important thing is the comparison of removal of president and the vice president although I have not made this comparison but I already discussed the removal of the president and now in this lecture I also discussed the removal of the vice president so please make note of the majorities that is required please make note of in which house it can be introduced while the impeachment of the president the impeachment motion can be introduced in either houses but whereas in case of the vice president it can be introduced only in the rajas SAA and the majorities are different in both cases so all these things has to be kept in your mind so these are all very very important area where the questions can be asked in the examination all right so with that I'll just go to the uh last part where I wanted you to solve this particular question look into this particular question the proposal to remove the Vice President of India and rajas SAA requires what is the majority that is required is it simple majority absolute majority special majority effective majority so one among this is the answer you can put your answers in the comment box I'm quite sure it's a very simple question but you should not forget this so with that I'm coming to the end of this particular lecture so there are only two to three lectures probably which may be pending in the executives I'll try to complete that and once you complete that then we'll move to the next very very important area that is the legislature so I would suggest all the students to watch the entire Series in a chronological order for the maximum benefit but if you're watching an independent lecture also you will still get a lot of value but for the best output you can watch it in a chronological order and if you like this video please refer it to your friends and family members who will be preparing for the examination and I'm quite sure with 100% conviction it is going to be extremely useful to the students preparing for various competitive examination and you can benefit the maximum by looking the series in a chronological order so with that I'm coming to the end of this lecture and if you have any queries related to this particular lecture or any of the other lecture so please do consider me as your friend or a mentor you can reach out to me for any kind of help relating to the examination so thank you very much all the very best [Music]